USB to Serial Port(RS-232) Windows 7 x64 Driver

USB to Serial Port(RS-232) Windows 7 x64 Driver

PL2303_Prolific_DriverInstaller_v1.9.0.zip

Backup

Google Drive

Reference：http://www.prolific.com.tw/US/ShowProduct.aspx?p_id=225&pcid=41

ATI顯卡DVI轉HDMI螢幕滿版問題

ATI顯卡DVI轉HDMI螢幕滿版問題

(以解決)ATI使用HDMI解析度所產生的黑框,無法全螢幕顯示

Beagleboard-xm NTP程式

Beagleboard-xm NTP程式

來源：http://capuzzo.free.fr/beagleboard/ntp.html

 

 

   1: #include<stdio.h>

   2: #include<stdlib.h>

   3: #include<string.h>

   4: #include<errno.h>

   5: #include<unistd.h>

   6: #include<sys/types.h>

   7: #include<sys/socket.h>

   8: #include<sys/time.h>

   9: #include<linux/in.h>

  10:  

  11: /*Used to set NTP protocol version*/

  12: #define NTP_Version 0x4

  13: /*Sets NTP mode to client*/

  14: #define Mode_Client 0x3

  15: /*NTP counts time from 1-1-1900, we must subtract 70 years to go to epoch*/

  16: #define _1_1_1970_ 0x83AA7E80

  17:  

  18: /*Message structure for NTP message according to rfc4330*/

  19: typedef struct struct_sntp_msg{

  20:   unsigned char LI : 2;

  21:   unsigned char VN : 3;

  22:   unsigned char Mode : 3;

  23:   unsigned char Stratum;

  24:   unsigned char Poll;

  25:   unsigned char Precision;

  26:   unsigned int root_delay;

  27:   unsigned int root_dispersion;

  28:   unsigned int ref_id;

  29:   unsigned int ref_timestamp;

  30:   unsigned int ref_timestamp_nanosecs;

  31:   unsigned int orig_timestamp;

  32:   unsigned int orig_timestamp_nanosecs;

  33:   unsigned int rx_timestamp;

  34:   unsigned int rx_timestamp_nanosecs;

  35:   unsigned int tx_timestamp;

  36:   unsigned int tx_timestamp_nanosecs;

  37:   unsigned int key_identifier;

  38:   unsigned char msg_digest[16];

  39: } sntp_msg;

  40:  

  41: /*Creates an NTP message, Using empty transmission time, since we will sync

  42: with the time of the server, we dont a big precision therefore we will not use

  43: the algorithms specified in RFC4330*/

  44: int fillReqMessage (sntp_msg *outMsg){

  45:   if(outMsg==NULL){

  46:     return -1;

  47:   }

  48:   memset(outMsg, 0x0, sizeof(sntp_msg));

  49:   outMsg->LI = 0x3; //clock not synchronized

  50:   outMsg->VN = NTP_Version;

  51:   outMsg->Mode = Mode_Client;

  52:   return 0;

  53: }

  54:  

  55: /*Sets the system time based on the epoch value*/

  56: int set_SystemTime(unsigned int epoch){

  57:   struct timeval tv;

  58:   struct timezone tz;

  59:   memset(&tv, 0x0, sizeof(struct timeval));

  60:   /*Timezone value is considered in the epoch time and we ignore DST*/

  61:   memset(&tz, 0x0, sizeof(struct timezone));

  62:   tv.tv_sec = epoch;

  63:   if( settimeofday(&tv, &tz) == -1){

  64:     fprintf(stderr,"Failed to gettimeofday %s \n",strerror(errno));

  65:     return -1;

  66:   }

  67:   else

  68:     return 0;

  69: }

  70:  

  71: int main (int argc, char* argv[]){

  72:   

  73:   int offset = 0;

  74:   //Parsing cmdLine

  75:   if(argc != 2){

  76:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/******************************************************/\n");

  77:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/*                                                    */\n");

  78:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/*                   USAGE                            */\n");

  79:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/*                                                    */\n");

  80:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/*      ./timesync TIMEZONEOFFSET                     */\n");

  81:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/*                                                    */\n");

  82:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/*    TIMEZONEOFFSET minutes to add/remove to GMT     */\n");

  83:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/*                                                    */\n");

  84:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/*                                                    */\n");

  85:     fprintf(stdout,"\t/******************************************************/\n");

  86:     return 0;

  87:   }

  88:   else{

  89:     /*Saving offset in minutes*/

  90:     offset = atoi(argv[1]);

  91:   }

  92:  

  93:  

  94:   sntp_msg outMsg;

  95:   sntp_msg inMsg;

  96:   int sock = 0;

  97:   unsigned int epochTime = 0;

  98:   struct sockaddr_in ntpaddr;

  99:   memset(&ntpaddr, 0x0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in));

 100:   ntpaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;

 101:   /*Setting IP address of ntp server*/

 102:   inet_aton("95.130.9.63",&(ntpaddr.sin_addr.s_addr));

 103:   /*Setting port for NTP protocol*/

 104:   ntpaddr.sin_port = htons(123);

 105:   

 106:   /*Create the message*/

 107:   if(fillReqMessage(&outMsg)){

 108:     fprintf(stderr,"Failed to create Message\n");

 109:     return -1;

 110:   }

 111:   /*Creating the socket*/

 112:   if( ( sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0 ) ) == -1){

 113:     fprintf(stderr,"Failed to  open socket %s \n",strerror(errno));

 114:     return -1;

 115:   }

 116:   /*Connecting the socket*/

 117:   if( connect( sock, (struct sockaddr*) &ntpaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr) ) < 0 ){

 118:     fprintf(stderr,"Failed to connect socket %s \n",strerror(errno));

 119:     close(sock);

 120:     return -1;

 121:   }

 122:   /*Sending*/

 123:   if( send( sock, (void*) &outMsg, sizeof(sntp_msg), 0 ) != sizeof(sntp_msg) ){

 124:     fprintf(stderr,"Failed to tx %s \n",strerror(errno));

 125:     close(sock);

 126:     return -1;

 127:   }

 128:   /*Receiving from the socket, we will just wync our clock with the server time

 129:   we dont anymore precision*/

 130:   if( recv( sock, (void*) &inMsg, sizeof(sntp_msg), 0 ) ==-1){

 131:     fprintf(stderr,"Failed to rx %s \n",strerror(errno));

 132:     close(sock);

 133:     return -1;

 134:   }

 135:   /*Cleaning up*/

 136:   if( close(sock) == -1){

 137:     fprintf(stderr,"Failed to close socket %s \n",strerror(errno));

 138:     return -1;

 139:   }

 140:   

 141:   /*Reinterpreting received info*/

 142:   //fprintf(stdout,"Updated Time is: 0x%X %u\n",ntohl(inMsg.tx_timestamp),(unsigned int) ntohl(inMsg.tx_timestamp));

 143:   /*unix time measures time in seconds from 1-1-1970 whereas NTP measures time

 144:   in seconds from 1-1-1900 (RFC4330), to convert we must remove 70 years in

 145:   seconds and finally add the offset in seconds from GMT*/

 146:   epochTime = ntohl(inMsg.tx_timestamp) - _1_1_1970_ + (offset*60);

 147:  

 148:   /*Updating System time and date*/

 149:   if( set_SystemTime(epochTime) == -1 )

 150:     return -1;

 151:  

 152:   

 153:   fprintf(stdout,"Updated Time is: %u\n",epochTime);

 154:  

 155:   return 0;

 156: }

 157:  

 158:  

三軸加速度計ADXL345

Analog

ADXL345

http://www.analog.com/en/ADXL345

note

http://forums.dearhoney.idv.tw/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=52072

UNIX timestamp 轉換本地時間

http://www.epochconverter.com/

& 0xFF的意思

& 0xFF的意思

只取後面8bit的意思

int 的長度是 4Bytes， & 是 and 運算子，就是將

每個位元拿來進行 and 運算，根據 and 運算的規則

只有兩者皆為 true (1) 的結果才為 1

假設這個 i 是 12345 => 0x3039 (Hex)

i & 0xFF

0x3039=>0011000000111001(Bin)

0xFF　=>0000000011111111

____________________________

結果：  0000000000111001

由於前面的 bits 都是 0 ，所以實際上有用的只有後面的 8 bits



Reference:

http://acm.nudt.edu.cn/~twcourse/BitwiseOperation.html

http://programming.im.ncnu.edu.tw/Chapter5.htm

note 140214

M1~5  1um = 1mA

M6  , 1um = 1.6mA

電感距離 30~50



Vth~0.5V

VCO note

1.架構：Class-B , Class-C , Class-D , Class-B/C ...

               push-push , colit..,

2.省電：transformer  , current-reuse , bulk-driven tech , base 順向偏壓

3.雜訊抑制

4.調變方式：switch inductor /capacitor  / resonant

5.chip area

關於Layout輸出圖片

Laker

ctrl+F10 然後選save，在選擇資料夾

可選擇黑白輸出或黑白顛倒

cosmos scope

Graph -> Color Map -> Map 2

cadence

開啟icfb前加入【echo "Opus.editorBackground: white" | xrdb -merge】

reference:

http://bbs.eetop.cn/thread-350056-1-1.html

http://jaco.ec.t.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/edu/islab2/ch11.html